Laquinimod in multiple sclerosis. Giacomini PS, Bar-Or A Clin Immunol. 2012 Jan; 142(1):38-43. Epub 2011 Mar 04. PMID: 21450529. Abstract
Oral therapies for multiple sclerosis: a review of agents in phase III development or recently approved. Gold R CNS Drugs. 2011 Jan; 25(1):37-52. PMID: 21128693. Abstract
Laquinimod (ABR-215062) suppresses the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, modulates the Th1/Th2 balance and induces the Th3 cytokine TGF-beta in Lewis rats. Yang J-S, Xu L-Y, Xiao B-G, Hedlund G, Link H J Neuroimmunol. 2004 Nov; 156(1-2):3-9. PMID: 15465591. Abstract
Inhibition of the development of chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by laquinimod (ABR-215062) in IFN-beta k.o. and wild type mice. Runström A, Leanderson T, Ohlsson L, Axelsson B J Neuroimmunol. 2006 Apr; 173(1-2):69-78. Epub 2006 Feb 10. PMID: 16472873. Abstract
Treatment with laquinimod reduces development of active MRI lesions in relapsing MS. Polman C, Barkhof F, Sandberg-Wollheim M, Linde A, Nordle O, Nederman T, Laquinimod in Relapsing MS Study Group Neurology. 2005 Mar 22; 64(6):987-91. PMID: 15781813. Abstract
Effect of laquinimod on MRI-monitored disease activity in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase IIb study. Comi G, Pulizzi A, Rovaris M, Abramsky O, Arbizu T, Boiko A, Gold R, Havrdova E, Komoly S, Selmaj K, et al. Lancet. 2008 Jun 21; 371(9630):2085-92. PMID: 18572078. Abstract
An Open Label Extension of the LAQ/5062 and LAQ/5063 Studies to Assess the Long Term Safety and Tolerability of Laquinimod 0.6mg in RRMS Patients ClinicalTrials.gov, 13 Feb 2012 Accessed on 21 Feb 2012 from http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00745615.
Oral laquinimod in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: 36-week double-blind active extension of the multi-centre, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group placebo-controlled study. Comi G, Abramsky O, Arbizu T, Boyko A, Gold R, Havrdová E, Komoly S, Selmaj K, Sharrack B, Filippi M, et al. Mult Scler. 2010 Nov; 16(11):1360-6. Epub 2010 Sep 08. PMID: 20834039. Abstract
Safety and Efficacy of Orally Administered Laquinimod Versus Placebo for Treatment of Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS) (ALLEGRO) ClinicalTrials.gov, 21 Feb 2012 Accessed on 13 Jan 2012 from http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00509145.
BRAVO Study: Laquinimod Double Blind Placebo Controlled Study in RRMS Patients With a Rater Blinded Reference Arm of Interferon β-1a (Avonex®) ClinicalTrials.gov, 24 Jan 2012 Accessed on 21 Feb 2012 from http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00605215.
Laquinimod Halted MS Disability But Not Relapses S. Freeman, Clinical Psychiatry News, 31 Oct 2011 Accessed on 21 Feb 2012 from http://www.clinicalpsychiatrynews.com/single-view/laquinimod-halted-ms-disability-but-not-relapses/3d1a138f88.html.
Laquinimod interferes with migratory capacity of T cells and reduces IL-17 levels, inflammatory demyelination and acute axonal damage in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Wegner C, Stadelmann C, Pförtner R, Raymond E, Feigelson S, Alon R, Timan B, Hayardeny L, Brück W J Neuroimmunol. 2010 Oct 8; 227(1-2):133-43. Epub 2010 Aug 03. PMID: 20684995. Abstract
Laquinimod suppress antigen presentation in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: in-vitro high-throughput gene expression study. Gurevich M, Gritzman T, Orbach R, Tuller T, Feldman A, Achiron A J Neuroimmunol. 2010 Apr 15; 221(1-2):87-94. Epub 2010 Mar 27. PMID: 20347159. Abstract
Modulation of autoimmune demyelination by laquinimod via induction of brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Thöne J, Ellrichmann G, Seubert S, Peruga I, Lee D-H, Conrad R, Hayardeny L, Comi G, Wiese S, Linker RA, et al. Am J Pathol. 2012 Jan; 180(1):267-74. Epub 2011 Dec 05. PMID: 22152994. Abstract
Laquinimod Multiple Sclerosis Trust, 4 Nov 2011 Accessed on 21 Feb 2012 from http://www.mstrust.org.uk/research/drugsindevelopment/laquinimod.jsp.
ChemIDplus Advanced United States National Library of Medicine Accessed on 29 Jul 2013 from http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidheavy.jsp. Note: Compound name must be entered under "Substance Identification" and then "Names and Synonyms" selected to view synonyms.
Placebo-controlled trial of oral laquinimod for multiple sclerosis. Comi G, Jeffery D, Kappos L, Montalban X, Boyko A, Rocca MA, Filippi M, ALLEGRO Study Group N Engl J Med. 2012 Mar 15; 366(11):1000-9. PMID: 22417253. Abstract
Laquinimod - New Promising Treatment for Multiple Sclerosis Active Biotech Accessed on 21 Feb 2012 from http://activebiotech.com/laquinimod-new-promising-treatment-of-multiple-sclerosis.
Laquinimod Study in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Patients With Active Lupus Nephritis Mayo Clinic Clinical Trials, 7 Jan 2011 Accessed on 21 Feb 2012 from http://clinicaltrials.mayo.edu/clinicaltrialdetails.cfm?trial_id=101422.
Laquinimod Phase IIa Study in Active Crohn's Disease ClinicalTrials.gov, 24 Jan 2012 Accessed on 21 Feb 2012 from http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00737932.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of new 1,2-dihydro-4-hydroxy-2-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxamides for treatment of autoimmune disorders: structure-activity relationship. Jönsson S, Andersson G, Fex T, Fristedt T, Hedlund G, Jansson K, Abramo L, Fritzson I, Pekarski O, Runström A, et al. J Med Chem. 2004 Apr 8; 47(8):2075-88. PMID: 15056005. Abstract
Future clinical challenges in multiple sclerosis: Relevance to sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator therapy. Hohlfeld R, Barkhof F, Polman C Neurology. 2011 Feb 22; 76(8 Suppl 3):S28-37. PMID: 21339488. Abstract
Oral Agent Outcomes Neura Special Report: Highlights from the 26th Congress of the European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis, 2010 Accessed on 21 Feb 2012 from http://www.neura.net/images/pdf/ECTRIMS2010_Oral.pdf.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 is the major enzyme responsible for the metabolism of laquinimod, a novel immunomodulator. Tuvesson H, Hallin I, Persson R, Sparre B, Gunnarsson P O, Seidegård J Drug Metab Dispos. 2005 Jun; 33(6):866-72. Epub 2005 Mar 11. PMID: 15764719. Abstract
Insight into the mechanism of laquinimod action. Brück W, Wegner C J Neurol Sci. 2011 Jul 15; 306(1-2):173-9. Epub 2011 Mar 22. PMID: 21429524. Abstract
Results of Phase III BRAVO Trial Reinforce Unique Profile of Laquinimod for Multiple Sclerosis Treatment Teva, 1 Aug 2011 Accessed on 21 Feb 2012 from http://ir.tevapharm.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=73925&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=1591070&highlight=laquinimod.
Oral Laquinimod for Multiple Sclerosis Granted Fast Track Status by FDA Teva, 12 Feb 2009 Accessed on 21 Feb 2012 from http://phx.corporate-ir.net/preview/phoenix.zhtml?c=73925&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=1555716&highlight=laquinimod.
Investigational Laquinimod Demonstrates Its Potential as a New Oral Treatment For RRMS Teva, 19 Oct 2011 Accessed on 21 Feb 2012 from http://www.tevapharm.com/en-US/Media/News/Pages/2011/1618694.aspx.
Oral Laquinimod for Multiple Sclerosis Treatment Significantly Reduced Disease Activity and Disability Progression While Providing Good Safety and Tolerability Teva, 11 Apr 2010 Accessed on 21 Feb 2012 from http://ir.tevapharm.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=73925&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=1554949&highlight=.
A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness, Tolerability and Safety of Laquinimod ClinicalTrials.gov, 7 Apr 2011 Accessed on 12 Feb 2012 from http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00349193.
Emerging oral agents for multiple sclerosis. Fox EJ Am J Manag Care. 2010 Sep; 16(8 Suppl):S219-26. PMID: 20873946. Abstract
Laquinimod in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis D. Jeffery et al., US Neurology, 2010 Accessed on 21 Feb 2012 from http://www.touchneurology.com/files/article_pdfs/Zeid.pdf.
Oral treatment with laquinimod augments regulatory T-cells and brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression and reduces injury in the CNS of mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Aharoni R, Saada R, Eilam R, Hayardeny L, Sela M, Arnon R J Neuroimmunol. 2012 Jun 28. PMID: 22749337. Abstract
Reduced astrocytic NF-κB activation by laquinimod protects from cuprizone-induced demyelination. Brück W, Pförtner R, Pham T, Zhang J, Hayardeny L, Piryatinsky V, Hanisch U-K, Regen T, van Rossum D, Brakelmann L, et al. Acta Neuropathol. 2012 Jul 6. Epub 2012 Jul 06. PMID: 22766690. Abstract
Active Biotech announce that European Medicines Agency accepts start of scientific review of the marketing authorization application for laquinimod in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis Market Watch, The Wall Street Journal, 17 Jul 2012 Accessed on 23 Jul 2012 from http://www.marketwatch.com/story/active-biotech-announce-that-european-medicines-agency-accepts-start-of-scientific-review-of-the-marketing-authorization-application-for-laquinimod-in-relapsing-remitting-multiple-sclerosis-2012-07-17.
Editors' Pick Laquinimod modulates B cells and their regulatory effects on T cells in Multiple Sclerosis. Toubi E, Nussbaum S, Staun-Ram E, Snir A, Melamed D, Hayardeny L, Miller A J Neuroimmunol. 2012 Jul 28. PMID: 22846497. Abstract
Teva to initiate third Phase III trial of oral laquinimod for the treatment of relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis Active Biotech, 8 Aug 2012 Accessed on 13 Aug 2012 from http://activebiotech.com/press-releases-1?pressurl=http://cws.huginonline.com/A/1002/PR/201208/1632576.xml.
Phase IIa laquinimod trial results show positive data for potential use in active Crohn's disease Active Biotech, 22 Oct 2012 Accessed on 1 Nov 2012 from http://www.activebiotech.com/press-releases-1?pressurl=http://cws.huginonline.com/A/1002/PR/201210/1651043.xml.
Laquinimod prevents inflammation-induced synaptic alterations occurring in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Ruffini F, Rossi S, Bergamaschi A, Brambilla E, Finardi A, Motta C, Studer V, Barbieri F, De Chiara V, Hayardeny L, et al. Mult Scler. 2012 Dec 12. Epub 2012 Dec 11. PMID: 23232603. Abstract
BRIEF: Teva files for Copaxone-Laquinimod patent Middle East North Africa Financial Network, 13 Feb 2013 Accessed on 18 Feb 2013 from http://www.menafn.com/menafn/46d9c3c8-74ec-4f41-a64f-6aa0560bdea7/BRIEF-Teva-files-for-CopaxoneLaquinimod-patent?src=main.
First patient enrolled in third Phase III study of oral laquinimod for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., 6 Mar 2013 Accessed on 13 Mar 2013 from http://ir.tevapharm.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=73925&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=1792853.
Early versus delayed treatment with laquinimod demonstrated significant reduction in risk of disability progression – Results of three-year ALLEGRO study in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., 21 Mar 2013 Accessed on 25 Mar 2013 from http://ir.tevapharm.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=73925&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=1798762.
Modulation of dendritic cell properties by laquinimod as a mechanism for modulating multiple sclerosis. Jolivel V, Luessi F, Masri J, Kraus SHP, Hubo M, Poisa-Beiro L, Klebow S, Paterka M, Yogev N, Tumani H, et al. Brain. 2013 Mar 20. PMID: 23518712. Abstract
Teva targets $4 billion lupus market with laquinimod study Wainer D, BloombergBusinessweek, 12 June 2013 Accessed on 24 June 2013 from http://www.businessweek.com/news/2013-06-11/teva-targets-4-billion-lupus-market-with-large-laquinimod-study.
The potential for new therapeutic approaches: Global research collaboration examines multiple pathways of neuroprotection in Huntington disease Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., 29 Jul 2013 Accessed on 8 Aug 2013 from http://ir.tevapharm.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=73925&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=1841881.
Laquinimod for multiple sclerosis. He D, Han K, Gao X, Dong S, Chu L, Feng Z, Wu S Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Aug 6; 8:CD010475. PMID: 23922214. Abstract
Assessment of changes in immune measures of multiple sclerosis patients treated with laquinimod. Lund BT, Kelland EE, Hayardeny L, Barilan O, Gilmore W, Weiner LP J Neuroimmunol. 2013 Aug 3. PMID: 23920036. Abstract
Editors' Pick Placebo-controlled trial of oral laquinimod in multiple sclerosis: MRI evidence of an effect on brain tissue damage. Filippi M, Rocca MA, Pagani E, De Stefano N, Jeffery D, Kappos L, Montalban X, Boyko AN, Comi G, on behalf of the ALLEGRO Study Group J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2013 Sep 12. PMID: 24029546. Abstract
New data presented at 29th ECTRIMS congress reinforce the clinical profile of investigational laquinimod on disease progression and inflammation in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis Teva Pharmaceutical Industries, 4 Oct 2013 Accessed on 4 Oct 2013 from http://ir.tevapharm.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=73925&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=1861679.
A Study to Evaluate 2 Doses Of Oral Administration Of Laquinimod Compared to Interferon ß-1a Administered by Injection in Participants With Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS) (LIBRETTO) ClinicalTrials.gov, 28 Oct 2013 Accessed on 6 Nov 2013 from http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01975298.
Active Biotech's partner Teva initiates a further clinical trial in multiple sclerosis Active Biotech, 4 Nov 2013 Accessed on 6 Nov 2013 from http://www.activebiotech.com/press-releases-1?pressurl=http://cws.huginonline.com/A/1002/PR/201311/1740139.xml.
Laquinimod CHMP/EMA opinion Active Biotech, 20 Dec 2013 Accessed on 30 Dec 2013 from http://www.activebiotech.com/press-releases-1?pressurl=http://cws.huginonline.com/A/1002/PR/201312/1751563.xml.
Therapeutic laquinimod treatment decreases inflammation, initiates axon remyelination, and improves motor deficit in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. Moore S, Khalaj AJ, Yoon J, Patel R, Hannsun G, Yoo T, Sasidhar M, Martinez-Torres L, Hayardeny L, Tiwari-Woodruff SK Brain Behav. 2013 Nov; 3(6):664-82. Epub 2013 Sep 23. PMID: 24363970. Abstract
Teva and Active Biotech remain committed to the development of NERVENTRA® (laquinimod) for multiple sclerosis following the negative opinion from the EMA's CHMP Active Biotech, 24 Jan 2014 Accessed on 30 Jan 2014 from http://www.activebiotech.com/press-releases-1?pressurl=http://cws.huginonline.com/A/1002/PR/201401/1756936.xml.
Information regarding Active Biotech's candidate drug laquinimod Active Biotech, 2 Nov 2011 Accessed on 30 Jan 2014 from http://www.activebiotech.com/press-releases-1?pressurl=http://cws.huginonline.com/A/1002/PR/201111/1560205.xml.
Change in the clinical development program for laquinimod Active Biotech, 19 Feb 2014 Accessed on 20 Feb 2014 from http://www.activebiotech.com/press-releases-1?pressurl=http://cws.huginonline.com/A/1002/PR/201402/1763038.xml.
A randomized placebo-controlled phase III trial of oral laquinimod for multiple sclerosis. Vollmer TL, Sorensen PS, Selmaj K, Zipp F, Havrdova E, Cohen JA, Sasson N, Gilgun-Sherki Y, Arnold DL, On behalf of the BRAVO Study Group J Neurol. 2014 Feb 18. Epub 2014 Feb 18. PMID: 24535134. Abstract
Laquinimod delays and suppresses nephritis in lupus-prone mice and affects both myeloid and lymphoid immune cells. Lourenço EV, Wong M, Hahn BH, Palma-Diaz FM, Skaggs BJ Arthritis Rheumatol. 2014 Mar; 66(3):674-85. PMID: 24574228. Abstract
Teva and Active Biotech to continue with the development of NERVENTRA® (laquinimod) for multiple sclerosis following confirmation of CHMP opinion Active Biotech, 23 May 2014 Accessed on 26 May 2014 from http://www.activebiotech.com/press-releases-1?pressurl=http://cws.huginonline.com/A/1002/PR/201405/1788087.xml.
Effects of the Anti-Multiple Sclerosis Immunomodulator Laquinimod on Anxiety and Depression in Rodent Behavioral Models. Gil-Ad I, Amit BH, Hayardeni L, Tarasenko I, Taler M, Uzan Gueta R, Weizman A J Mol Neurosci. 2014 Jul 27. Epub 2014 Jul 27. PMID: 25064496. Abstract
Active Biotech's partner Teva initiates a laquinimod clinical trial in Huntington's disease Active Biotech, 14 Aug 2014 Accessed on 19 Aug 2014 from https://www.activebiotech.com/press-releases-1?pressurl=http://cws.huginonline.com/A/1002/PR/201408/1848747.xml.
In vitro assessment of the direct effect of laquinimod on basic functions of human neural stem cells and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells. Kelland EE, Gilmore W, Hayardeny L, Weiner LP, Lund BT J Neurol Sci. 2014 Aug 4. PMID: 25125045. Abstract
A Study to Evaluate the Long-term Safety, Tolerability and Effect of Daily Oral Laquinimod 0.6 mg on Disease Course in Subjects With Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis ClinicalTrials.gov, 29 Jul 2014 Accessed on 23 Sep 2014 from http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01047319.
Teva Presents New Clinical Safety Data in RRMS Patients Treated with Laquinimod for Two or More Years at Joint ACTRIMS-ECTRIMS Meeting Active Biotech, 9 Sep 2014 Accessed on 23 Sep 2014 from http://www.activebiotech.com/press-releases-1?pressurl=http://cws.huginonline.com/A/1002/PR/201409/1855544.xml.
A phase II study of laquinimod in Crohn's disease. D'Haens G, Sandborn WJ, Colombel J F, Rutgeerts P, Brown K, Barkay H, Sakov A, Haviv A, Feagan BG, on behalf of the Laquinimod for Crohn's Disease Investigators Gut. 2014 Oct 3. PMID: 25281416. Abstract
Teva and Active Biotech Announce Expansion of Laquinimod Clinical Development Program with New Trial in Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis and First Patient Screened in Huntington's Disease Trial Active Biotech, 4 Nov 2014 Accessed on 4 Nov 2014 from http://www.activebiotech.com/press-releases-1?pressurl=http://cws.huginonline.com/A/1002/PR/201411/1868301.xml.
Laquinimod reduces neuroaxonal injury through inhibiting microglial activation. Mishra M K, Wang J, Keough MB, Fan Y, Silva C, Sloka S, Hayardeny L, Brück W, Yong WV Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2014 Jun; 1(6):409-22. Epub 2014 May 26. PMID: 25356411. Abstract
Teva and Active Biotech Announce First Patient Enrolled in Phase II Study Evaluating Laquinimod for Primary Progressive MS Active Biotech, 23 Apr 2015 Accessed on 28 Apr 2015 from http://activebiotech.com/press-releases-1?pressid=1913972.
The role of laquinimod in modulation of the immune response in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: Lessons from gene expression signatures. Zilkha-Falb R, Gurevich M, Hayardeny L, Achiron A J Neuroimmunol. 2015 Jun 15; 283:11-6. Epub 2015 Apr 11. PMID: 26004150. Abstract
Immune parameters of patients treated with laquinimod, a novel oral therapy for the treatment of multiple sclerosis: results from a double-blind placebo-controlled study. Stasiolek M, Linker RA, Hayardeny L, Barilan O, Gold R Immun Inflamm Dis. 2015 Jun; 3(2):45-55. Epub 2015 Mar 04. PMID: 26029365. Abstract
Teva and Active Biotech Announce Completion of Patient Enrollment in Laquinimod Phase III CONCERTO Trial Active Biotech, 25 Jun 2015 Accessed on 30 Jun 2015 from https://www.activebiotech.com/press-releases-1?pressid=1931462.
Immunomodulators and immunosuppressants for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a network meta-analysis. Tramacere I, Giovane C D, Salanti G, D'Amico R, Filippini G Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Sep 18; 9:CD011381. PMID: 26384035. Abstract
Teva and Active Biotech Announce Discontinuation of Higher Doses of Laquinimod in Two Multiple Sclerosis Trials Active Biotech, 4 Jan 2016 Accessed on 6 Jan 2016 from http://www.activebiotech.com/press-releases-1?pressid=1976427.